Why is Docker preferred over traditional virtual machines for isolating applications?

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Docker is preferred over traditional virtual machines primarily because Docker containers share the host operating system (OS) kernel. This architecture allows for significant efficiency gains compared to virtual machines, which require each instance to run its own complete OS, making them heavier and more resource-intensive.

By leveraging the host OS, Docker containers can start up almost instantaneously and utilize system resources more efficiently. This results in faster deployment times and improved performance for applications running in containers. Furthermore, sharing the kernel means that containers can communicate with each other more efficiently as they operate at a lower level than traditional virtual machines.

The other options do not reflect the advantages of Docker correctly. For instance, stating that Docker containers are heavier and slower than VMs contradicts the very reason for Docker's popularity; containers are lightweight and quick to start. Similarly, Docker's architecture is designed to use fewer system resources, and it is fully compatible with microservices, which are one of the main use cases for containerization.

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